On 12 January 2023, the ECJ issued its judgment in case C-132/21 (BE v Nemzeti Adatvédelmi és Információszabadság Hatóság) ruling on the preliminary reference made by the Fővárosi Ítélőtábla (Budapest Regional Court of Appeal, Hungary) on how it should interpret the relationship between, on the one hand, a civil court’s assessment of a decision adopted by the data controller and, on the other, the supervisory authority’s decision which forms the subject matter of the action pending before the referring court and, in particular, whether one remedy might take priority over the other. The main concern was that the parallel exercise of the remedies provided for in Articles 77 to 79 GDPR could give rise to contradictory decisions concerning identical facts. The ECJ ruled that the remedies can be exercised concurrently, with and independently of each other. It is for the Member States to lay down detailed rules as regards the relationship between different remedies in order to ensure the adequate protection of the data subject and the consistent application of the GDPR provisions, as well as the right to an effective remedy before a court or tribunal as referred to in Article 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights.