CESR has published information that might help European investors understand actions they might take if they have lost money because of the alleged Madoff frauds. It reminds investors they must file any claims with the US trustee by 4 March. Investors who are direct customers of Bernard L Madoff Investment Securities LLC must claim via the trustee. CESR recommends any customers who have suffered indirect losses contact the firm they dealt with, and if necessary use its complaints procedure or relevant complaints scheme. It urges firms to tell customers what they have done on customers' behalf.