Santa Fe Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill professors released Determinants of the Pace of Global Innovation in Energy Technology, a report that tracked innovation in the renewable energy market, October 14. It found that by 2009 over 1,000 renewable energy technology patents were filed annually compared to the approximate 200 filed each year between 1975 and 2000. These numbers were compared to the 300 fossil fuel technology patents filed in 2009 and the 100 fossil fuel patents filed in the earlier period.