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The European Court of Justice (ECJ) has recently ruled, in the context of proceedings between a Spanish bank and a Spanish banking services user association, that member states are free to adopt or keep national laws on the fairness of essential contract terms that are stricter that the rules laid down by the Directive on unfair terms in consumer contracts (9313EEC
Following its consultation last year on draft collective redress benchmarks, the Commission has published a green paper seeking stakeholders' views on how to facilitate legal claims by consumers in situations where large numbers of them have been harmed by a single trader's illegal practice
